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==Standard and usual acronyms==
{{merge|Glossary}}
* TGM : Tetris The Grand Master (is often used to refer to the serie in general)
 
* TAP : Tetris The Absolute Grand Master 2 +
== Standard and common acronyms ==
* Ti  : Tetris The Grand Master 3 Terror Instinct
* <tt>TGM :</tt> ''Tetris The Grand Master'', used to refer to the series in general
* ARS : Arika Rotation System
* <tt>TGM/TGM1 : </tt> ''Tetris The Grand Master'', the first game of the series
* SRS : Super Rotation System
* <tt>TAP/TGM2 :</tt> ''Tetris The Absolute The Grand Master 2''
* GRS : Grade Recognition System
* <tt>Ti/TGM3 :</tt> ''Tetris The Grand Master 3 Terror Instinct''
* TLS : Temporary Landing System
* <tt>ACE/TGMA :</tt> ''Tetris The Grand Master Ace''
* AT : Active Tetrimino
* <tt>ARS :</tt> [[Arika Rotation System]]
* NT : Next Tetrimino
* <tt>SRS :</tt> [[Super Rotation System]]
* TTC : The Tetris Company (-_-)
* <tt>IRS :</tt> [[#IRS|Initial Rotation System]]
* BPS : Bullet Proof Software / Blue Planet Software (right ?)<br><br><br><br><br>
* <tt>IHS :</tt> [[Hold piece#IHS|Initial Hold System]]
* <tt>GRS :</tt> [[#GRS|Grade Recognition System]]
* <tt>TLS :</tt> [[Ghost piece|Temporary Landing System]]
* <tt>TTC :</tt> [[The Tetris Company]]
* <tt>BPS :</tt> [[Bullet Proof Software]] / [[Blue Planet Software]]


== Basic Terms ==
== Basic Terms ==
There is a lot of appelation standard on Tetris Games and TGM have interesting specification. To avoid confusion we list here the basic.<br><br>
{{main|Glossary}}
Appellation standards for ''Tetris'' games vary, especially with ''TGM''. To avoid confusion, this article lists the basic terms used most frequently when in context with the ''TGM'' series. All terms are not yet listed, and the order is still not fixed.
If a term is not defined here, it is defined in the [[glossary]] and may have its own article.


==== Block ====
==== Tetromino ====
----
{{main|Tetromino}}
The Block is the smallest square shape in TGM.<br><br>
In precise language, a block is an element that fills a single square [[Glossary#C|cell]] of the [[playfield]], and a [[tetromino]] (also spelled tetramino or tetrimino) is made of four blocks.
 
But in common use, "block" sometimes refers to a whole tetromino.
==== Tetrimino ====
This wiki uses "[[Glossary#B|block]]" and "[[Glossary#T|tetromino]]" with the meanings described in the glossary.
----
4 blocks arranged into a shape give the tetrimino. There is 7 differents tetriminos, each one with a specific color. For concise description we are always refering to them by a single letter instead of color. Tetriminos are often also called "piece" or "tetra" and sometimes "block" (as show on 2ch.net) but for this last appelation it can be confusing.<br>
[[Image:TGM Legend tetriminos.png|left|464px|thumb|I, L, J, S, Z, T and O tetriminos.]]<br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
 
==== Tetrion ====
----
Sometimes called the "outfit Frame" or more simply the "box that surround the game". Certainly you have never hear about this word but this is the official name given by the TTC. You will also never use it but i just mension it for avoiding confusion with the next definition.
[[Image:TGM_Tetrion_1.png|left|frame|TAP Easy]][[Image:TGM_Tetrion_2.png|left|frame|TAP Master]][[Image:TGM_Tetrion_3.png|left|frame|TAP Death]][[Image:TGM_Tetrion_4.png|left|frame|TAP TGM+]]<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
 
==== PlayField ====
----
The playfield is surrounded by the tetrion. The standard size is fixed to 10 blocks length and 20 blocks height.
[[Image:TGM_Legend_Playfield.png|left|frame|Filling blocks example]]<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>


Seven different tetrominoes exist, each with a letter name (I, J, L, O, S, T, or Z).
Precise language uses the letter names, but some players use the color names.
[[Image:TGM Legend tetriminos.png|left|464px|thumb|Initial orientation of  I, L, J, S, Z, T and O Tetramino from TGM classic rotation.]][[Image:TGM_Legend_Tetra_SRS.png|left|464px|thumb|Initial orientation of  I, L, J, S, Z, T and O Tetramino from SRS.]]<br clear="all">


==== Stack ====
==== Stack ====
----
Each time a tetramino is locked in the playfield, it becomes part of the stack. Building a perfect stack is the very essence of all ''Tetris'' games, which means stacking each tetramino in a clean manner without making holes. Several other ''Tetris'' games pose [[Tetromino art|stacking challenges]], and the ''TGM'' series has its own: the '>' shape, known as a [[Secret Grade Techniques|secret grade]].
Stack definition.
[[Image:TGM_Legend_Playfield.png|left|frame| ' > ' Secret grade.]]<br clear="all">


==== Garbage ====
Garbage is also part of the stack. In Vs. mode, the player receives garbage when the opponent clears more than one line with one tetromino. Garbage appears from the bottom of the playfield and pushes up the current stack. The garbage pattern is a copy of the blocks the opponent player had cleared with the blocks of the line clearing piece removed, with the order reversed from top to bottom.


==== StackFall ====
Garbage also appears in ''TGM3'', during the Shirase mode from level 500 to 999 at regular intervals. The garbage lines, in this case, are generated by copying the bottom-most line.
----
StackFall definition.


 
In addition, TGM+ in ''TGM2'' also sends periodic garbage that forms a regular pattern.
==== Row ====
----
Row definition.
do we add entry for double and triple ?
 
==== Tetris ====
----
Tetris definition.
To erase 4 lines.


==== Combo ====
==== Combo ====
----
{{Main|Combo}}
Combo definition.
Line clears with consecutive pieces increase the combo score multiplier. Failing to clear a line with the next piece will reset the combo counter.
To erase 2 or more lines continuously. To erase 1 line is allowed to continue Combo, but it's not counted.


==== Bravo ====
==== Bravo ====
----
When the player clears the whole playfield, the message "Bravo" appears on screen (also known as "All Clear"). Bonus points are awarded by multiplying the points scored on a "Bravo" by four.
Bravo definition.
To clear the field. a.k.a. All clear.


==== Frame ====
==== Frame ====
----
Before becoming a game, ''Tetris'' is basically a program. The frame is the shortest quantum of time in ''TGM''. Like other games made for the Japanese market, ''TGM'' runs at a fixed rate of 60 frames per second. A lot of technical concept analysis use the frame as scale value instead of seconds.  
Frame definition.
 
 
==== Step ====
----
Step definition.
 
 
==== Move/shift ====
----
Move definition.


Here is the basic of the gameplay process instruction order in ONE frame (draft) :


==== Rotation ====
Do:
----
# Read input
Rotation definition.
# If piece is active:
## If in ''Ti'' or ''ACE'', hold
## Rotation
## If this isn't a piece's first frame, shift (horizontal movement)
## Gravity
## Lock
# Process delays
# Update the screen and play sounds
Until top out or last level complete


In fact this is very complicated, but just be aware of this general concept, and particularly if you want to learn advanced technique in ''TGM''.


==== Delayed Auto Shift (DAS) ====
==== Lock Delay ====
----
{{Main|Lock delay}}
DAS definition.
Unlike in early games, when the tetromino falls onto the stack, it doesn't lock immediately because a short delay still allow you to move it. When Lock Delay is active, the tetromino will be darkened. This feature is necessary as speed increases and critical when reaching 20G. The delay is expressed in frames and the tetromino automatically locks when reaching zero. Lock delay resets each time the tetromino drops one or more steps. [[#SRS|SRS]] also resets Lock Delay when the tetromino is moving and rotating. In ''TGM1'', the Lock Delay is fixed to thirty frames (~0.5sec) and decreases as gameplay speed increases in later games. You can lock a piece by pressing Down.
[[Image:TGM_Legend_DAS_1.gif|left|frame|...]][[Image:TGM_Legend_DAS_2.gif|left|frame|...]]<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
[[Image:TGM_Legend_Lock_Delay_1.gif|left|frame|...]][[Image:TGM_Legend_Lock_Delay_2.gif|left|frame|Delay reset]][[Image:TGM_Legend_Lock_Delay_3.gif|left|frame|Delay cancel]]<br clear="all">


==== Gravity Unit (G)====
==== Initial Rotation System (IRS) ====
----
{{Main|Rotate#IRS}}
Gravity definition.
it shows [drop lines / frame]. TGM field's height is 20, so max is 20G.<br>
[[Image:TGM legend 0.0156G.gif|left|frame|0.0156G]][[Image:TGM legend 1G.gif|left|frame|1G]][[Image:TGM Legend 5G.gif|left|frame|5G]][[Image:TGM Legend 20G.gif|left|frame|20G]]<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
 
==== Drop ====
----
Drop definition.
 
 
==== Sonic Drop ====
----
Sonic Drop definition.
force landing a current block.
 
==== lock Delay ====
----
Lock Delay definition.
[[Image:TGM_Legend_Lock_Delay_1.gif|left|frame|...]][[Image:TGM_Legend_Lock_Delay_2.gif|left|frame|...]][[Image:TGM_Legend_Lock_Delay_3.gif|left|frame|...]]<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
 
==== Initial Rotating System (IRS) ====
----
IRS definition.
[[Image:TGM_Legend_IRS.gif|left|frame|...]]<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
 
==== Temporary Landing System (TLS) ====
----
TLS definition.
[[Image:TGM_Legend_TLS.gif|left|frame|...]]<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>


==== Level ====
==== Level ====
----
The level shows the game's progress. Starting from zero, the level increases by one each time a piece spawns, and by the number of completed rows. On average, it increases by 3.5 for each completed row (however see "Level Step" below). If you are a beginner at ''TGM'', the level is the best information to see your performances progress, rather than the chronometer.
Level definition.
it shows game progress state. Level = Number of appeared Blocks +  Number of erased Lines.


==== LevelStep ====
==== Level Step ====
----
The [[#level|Level]] increment can stop when reaching a Level Step (typically _99: 99, 199, 299, 399, 499, 599, 699, 799, 899, 998). The only way to increase the level at time point is by clearing lines. Each time you pass a Level Step, the game displays a new background. ''TGM3'' also plays a bell ringing sound each time you are close to the Level Step.
LevelStep definition.
Normally the level increases by a block appearing, but if the level is x99(like 099, 199, ...) then we can increase Level only to erase lines.


==== Grade Recognition System (GRS) ====
==== Grade Recognition System (GRS) ====
----
[[Arika]] rewards a player's skill and performance by grade attribution and divides them into class. An example is the grades for ''TGM1'', which go from this order: 9-1, S1-S9, Grand Master.
GRS definition.
 
 
==== WallKick ====
----
WallKick definition.


Getting the Grand Master grade in ''TGM1'' will require much motivation and perseverance even if comfortable with ''Tetris'' games in general. The difficulty in obtaining this grade in ''[[Tetris The Absolute The Grand Master 2|TGM2]] and later games'' increases even further. It is speculated that there are approximately 10,000 Japanese players who achieved a GM grade on ''TGM1'' and less than 100 GM players in the Master mode of ''TGM2''. In ''[[Tetris The Grand Master 3 Terror-Instinct|TGM3]]'', The GM grade was widely believed to be impossible to obtain through normal play, however, the Japanese Tetris player named jin8 was the first player to attain GM on 07/28/2007.


==== Synchro ====
==== Synchro ====
----
A Synchro move is the act of sucessfully inputting both rotation and movement during the same [[#frame|frame]]. It is commonly executed by loading DAS and using IHS during ARE. Although less useful in low gravity, it becomes essential at 20G for enabling tricky tetramino  movements and placements. Synchro moves are not possible under SRS due to the order in which gravity and rotation are processed in each frame.
Synchro definition.


== Zangi-Moves ==
{{main|Zangi-move}}
==== Description ====
Zangi-Moves are an original Arika technique introduced in ''TAP'' made possible by the [[#sonic_drop|Sonic Drop]] feature. To perform the move, you press Up to drop the piece, Left or Right to move the piece over, and Down to lock the piece in place. These 3 inputs are performed with a single circular motion of the arcade stick. This is particularly useful when you are playing for time attack, as you save a significant amount of time by not having to return the stick to its neutral position. Zangi-moves are not possible with [[#SRS|SRS]].


==== Arika Rotating System (ARS) ====
==== Use ====
----
This move is most useful for tucking pieces underneath overhangs, an operation that costs much time in most other ''Tetris'' games. However, it is also used in other situations where the speed gain is more subtle. If you wish to place a piece 1 space away from the spawning location, you will do so with a half circle Zangi-Move. If you want to place a piece 1 space away from a wall, you will use DAS to get to the wall quickly, and then you will use a Zangi-Move to place the piece, all in one continuous 3/4 circle Zangi-Move.<br><br>
ARS definition.


==== Word Origin ====
The word 'Zangi' comes from Zangief's Spinning Pile Driver move in ''Street Fighter II'', which requires stick rotation and feels similar.<br>The following animations just show Zangi-Moves example and don't follow an optimized stacking behavior.
[[Image:TGM_Legend_Sonic_Drop_2.gif|left|frame|Zangi Example]][[Image:TGM_Legend_Zangi_2.gif|left|frame|Zangi Example]][[Image:TGM_Legend_Zangi_3.gif|left|frame|Zangi Example]]<br clear="all">


==== Super Rotating System (SRS) ====
== ARE ==
----
{{main|ARE}}
SRS definition.
''[[ARE]]'' is the period of time (counted in frames) between the lockdown of the previous piece and the appearance of the next one. It makes [[#IRS|IRS]] possible and [[#DAS|DAS]] more effective.




==== ARE ====
== Torikan ==
----
{{main|Torikan}}
''ARE'' is the period of time between the lockdown of the previous piece and the appearance of the next piece. Depending on the level, the amount of ARE may shorten.<br><br>


; During ARE : During ARE, the player must wait for the next piece to appear, and cannot actively cause anything to happen. However, ARE serves as a time for the player to input [[DAS]], [[IRS]] and [[IHS]] actions which will be processed in the moment ARE finishes and the next piece appears.<br><br>
''[[Torikan]]'' refers to a condition in ''TAP'' (T.A. Death) and ''Ti'' (Master and Shirase) where the game reaches a premature end when not fulfilling a certain requirement up to that point.


; Word Origin : ARE is a word of Japanese origin, and though it looks like an acronym, it does not stand for anything. It derives from the Japanese word, "あれ (are)," pronounced "a ray" quickly. The word "あれ" is a demonstrative pronoun, literally translating to "it" or "that". Japanese players originally referred to this in-between time using the word "あれ" as there was no good word to describe it. The capital letter alphabet form "ARE" (pronounced ay arr ee) became popular when someone wrote it in that form, possibly owing to its cooler, acronym-like look.<br><br>
{{Arika games}}


; The Existence and Lack of ARE : ARE is a vital gameplay factor in TGM, as its existence allows for many systems like 20G, DAS, IRS and IHS to exist. They do not exist, however, in popular American versions such as Tetrinet and most Tetris Worlds-compliant games. It is debated whether the lack of ARE is a requirement in the World guidelines or not; TGM3 (Ti) and TGMA in particular, do have ARE even though they seem to follow the guidelines.
[[Category:Terminology]]

Latest revision as of 14:46, 11 March 2020

Merge request
A user has suggested merging this article with Glossary. (Discuss)


Standard and common acronyms

Basic Terms

Main article: Glossary

Appellation standards for Tetris games vary, especially with TGM. To avoid confusion, this article lists the basic terms used most frequently when in context with the TGM series. All terms are not yet listed, and the order is still not fixed. If a term is not defined here, it is defined in the glossary and may have its own article.

Tetromino

Main article: Tetromino

In precise language, a block is an element that fills a single square cell of the playfield, and a tetromino (also spelled tetramino or tetrimino) is made of four blocks. But in common use, "block" sometimes refers to a whole tetromino. This wiki uses "block" and "tetromino" with the meanings described in the glossary.

Seven different tetrominoes exist, each with a letter name (I, J, L, O, S, T, or Z). Precise language uses the letter names, but some players use the color names.

Initial orientation of I, L, J, S, Z, T and O Tetramino from TGM classic rotation.
Initial orientation of I, L, J, S, Z, T and O Tetramino from SRS.


Stack

Each time a tetramino is locked in the playfield, it becomes part of the stack. Building a perfect stack is the very essence of all Tetris games, which means stacking each tetramino in a clean manner without making holes. Several other Tetris games pose stacking challenges, and the TGM series has its own: the '>' shape, known as a secret grade.

' > ' Secret grade.


Garbage

Garbage is also part of the stack. In Vs. mode, the player receives garbage when the opponent clears more than one line with one tetromino. Garbage appears from the bottom of the playfield and pushes up the current stack. The garbage pattern is a copy of the blocks the opponent player had cleared with the blocks of the line clearing piece removed, with the order reversed from top to bottom.

Garbage also appears in TGM3, during the Shirase mode from level 500 to 999 at regular intervals. The garbage lines, in this case, are generated by copying the bottom-most line.

In addition, TGM+ in TGM2 also sends periodic garbage that forms a regular pattern.

Combo

Main article: Combo

Line clears with consecutive pieces increase the combo score multiplier. Failing to clear a line with the next piece will reset the combo counter.

Bravo

When the player clears the whole playfield, the message "Bravo" appears on screen (also known as "All Clear"). Bonus points are awarded by multiplying the points scored on a "Bravo" by four.

Frame

Before becoming a game, Tetris is basically a program. The frame is the shortest quantum of time in TGM. Like other games made for the Japanese market, TGM runs at a fixed rate of 60 frames per second. A lot of technical concept analysis use the frame as scale value instead of seconds.

Here is the basic of the gameplay process instruction order in ONE frame (draft) :

Do:

  1. Read input
  2. If piece is active:
    1. If in Ti or ACE, hold
    2. Rotation
    3. If this isn't a piece's first frame, shift (horizontal movement)
    4. Gravity
    5. Lock
  3. Process delays
  4. Update the screen and play sounds

Until top out or last level complete

In fact this is very complicated, but just be aware of this general concept, and particularly if you want to learn advanced technique in TGM.

Lock Delay

Main article: Lock delay

Unlike in early games, when the tetromino falls onto the stack, it doesn't lock immediately because a short delay still allow you to move it. When Lock Delay is active, the tetromino will be darkened. This feature is necessary as speed increases and critical when reaching 20G. The delay is expressed in frames and the tetromino automatically locks when reaching zero. Lock delay resets each time the tetromino drops one or more steps. SRS also resets Lock Delay when the tetromino is moving and rotating. In TGM1, the Lock Delay is fixed to thirty frames (~0.5sec) and decreases as gameplay speed increases in later games. You can lock a piece by pressing Down.

...
Delay reset
Delay cancel


Initial Rotation System (IRS)

Main article: Rotate#IRS

Level

The level shows the game's progress. Starting from zero, the level increases by one each time a piece spawns, and by the number of completed rows. On average, it increases by 3.5 for each completed row (however see "Level Step" below). If you are a beginner at TGM, the level is the best information to see your performances progress, rather than the chronometer.

Level Step

The Level increment can stop when reaching a Level Step (typically _99: 99, 199, 299, 399, 499, 599, 699, 799, 899, 998). The only way to increase the level at time point is by clearing lines. Each time you pass a Level Step, the game displays a new background. TGM3 also plays a bell ringing sound each time you are close to the Level Step.

Grade Recognition System (GRS)

Arika rewards a player's skill and performance by grade attribution and divides them into class. An example is the grades for TGM1, which go from this order: 9-1, S1-S9, Grand Master.

Getting the Grand Master grade in TGM1 will require much motivation and perseverance even if comfortable with Tetris games in general. The difficulty in obtaining this grade in TGM2 and later games increases even further. It is speculated that there are approximately 10,000 Japanese players who achieved a GM grade on TGM1 and less than 100 GM players in the Master mode of TGM2. In TGM3, The GM grade was widely believed to be impossible to obtain through normal play, however, the Japanese Tetris player named jin8 was the first player to attain GM on 07/28/2007.

Synchro

A Synchro move is the act of sucessfully inputting both rotation and movement during the same frame. It is commonly executed by loading DAS and using IHS during ARE. Although less useful in low gravity, it becomes essential at 20G for enabling tricky tetramino movements and placements. Synchro moves are not possible under SRS due to the order in which gravity and rotation are processed in each frame.

Zangi-Moves

Main article: Zangi-move

Description

Zangi-Moves are an original Arika technique introduced in TAP made possible by the Sonic Drop feature. To perform the move, you press Up to drop the piece, Left or Right to move the piece over, and Down to lock the piece in place. These 3 inputs are performed with a single circular motion of the arcade stick. This is particularly useful when you are playing for time attack, as you save a significant amount of time by not having to return the stick to its neutral position. Zangi-moves are not possible with SRS.

Use

This move is most useful for tucking pieces underneath overhangs, an operation that costs much time in most other Tetris games. However, it is also used in other situations where the speed gain is more subtle. If you wish to place a piece 1 space away from the spawning location, you will do so with a half circle Zangi-Move. If you want to place a piece 1 space away from a wall, you will use DAS to get to the wall quickly, and then you will use a Zangi-Move to place the piece, all in one continuous 3/4 circle Zangi-Move.

Word Origin

The word 'Zangi' comes from Zangief's Spinning Pile Driver move in Street Fighter II, which requires stick rotation and feels similar.
The following animations just show Zangi-Moves example and don't follow an optimized stacking behavior.

Zangi Example
Zangi Example
Zangi Example


ARE

Main article: ARE

ARE is the period of time (counted in frames) between the lockdown of the previous piece and the appearance of the next one. It makes IRS possible and DAS more effective.


Torikan

Main article: Torikan

Torikan refers to a condition in TAP (T.A. Death) and Ti (Master and Shirase) where the game reaches a premature end when not fulfilling a certain requirement up to that point.